Melasma

Melasma is a common skin condition causing brown or gray patches, often on the face. Oak Dermatology offers comprehensive treatment plans to effectively manage and reduce the appearance of melasma.

Understanding Melasma

Melasma is a chronic skin condition characterized by symmetrical patches of increased pigmentation, typically appearing on the face. It most commonly affects women, particularly those with darker skin tones. While the exact cause of melasma remains unknown, several factors are known to contribute to its development. Sun exposure is a major trigger, stimulating the production of melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color. Melasma can also be triggered by hormonal fluctuations, such as those experienced during pregnancy, menopause, or with the use of oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy. Heat and certain medications can also play a role. Although melasma is not physically harmful, it can cause significant emotional distress for some people due to its appearance.

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Treatment Overview

Treatment for melasma typically involves a combination of in-office procedures and a consistent at-home skincare regimen. In-office treatments may include chemical peels, lasers, or microneedling. Chemical peels work by exfoliating the top layers of skin, encouraging the growth of new, evenly pigmented skin cells. Lasers target pigment cells directly, breaking them down and allowing the body to eliminate them. Microneedling creates tiny controlled injuries in the skin, triggering the body's natural healing process to produce new collagen and improve skin tone.

At-home care typically involves applying prescription creams or ointments that lighten and brighten the skin. These medications may contain ingredients such as hydroquinone, kojic acid, azelaic acid, or corticosteroids. Sunscreens with an SPF of 30 or higher are crucial for protecting the skin from further sun damage and preventing melasma from worsening.